As the southwest monsoon prepares to make its official entry into the Indian subcontinent, the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) has issued a series of alerts warning of heavy to very heavy rainfall across several districts of Kerala. This severe weather event, coinciding with the pre-monsoon and early monsoon period, is expected to significantly impact daily life, infrastructure, and safety in the region.
The Context of the Alert
The IMD’s weather bulletins, released over the past week, have raised orange and yellow alerts across Kerala, particularly in districts like Ernakulam (including Kochi), Thiruvananthapuram, Kozhikode, and Idukki. An orange alert signifies very heavy rainfall ranging from 115.6 mm to 204.4 mm, while a yellow alert indicates expected rainfall between 64.5 mm and 115.5 mm. These alerts are in place from May 23 through May 28, 2025.
Kerala is among the first Indian states to experience the onset of the southwest monsoon. The monsoon traditionally begins in the southern tip of the country before progressing northwards. This year, it is expected to arrive earlier than the usual onset date of June 1, bringing a swift and intense spell of rain.
Forecast and Rainfall Predictions
According to the IMD’s detailed forecast, the rainfall over Kerala will intensify steadily through the week. On May 23, Ernakulam district was placed under an orange alert, followed by yellow alerts for subsequent days. Heavy downpours are anticipated to cause waterlogging, localized flooding, and possible disruption to transport and electricity services.
The meteorological agency has also forecast gusty winds and thunderstorms across coastal and inland areas, further compounding the risks. This heightened rainfall activity is attributed to a low-pressure area forming over the east-central Arabian Sea, which may develop into a depression, intensifying rainfall along the western coast.
Implications for Residents and Infrastructure
The potential consequences of such rainfall are significant. Urban centers like Kochi are particularly vulnerable due to dense construction and limited drainage infrastructure. Waterlogging in city roads, disruption to rail and air services, and increased risk of accidents are some of the immediate threats.
Rural areas face their own challenges, including landslides in hilly terrains like Idukki and Wayanad, and flooding of agricultural fields. The persistent rainfall also increases the risk of vector-borne diseases such as dengue and chikungunya, as stagnant water becomes breeding grounds for mosquitoes.
Power outages and telecommunication disruptions are common during such weather events. Emergency services and disaster response teams are being mobilized across districts to ensure quick response and aid to affected populations.
Fishermen and Coastal Warnings
One of the most critical alerts issued by the IMD pertains to sea conditions. With squally winds reaching speeds of 45–55 km/h, sea conditions are expected to be rough along the Kerala coast. Fishermen have been advised not to venture into the sea from May 23 onwards until further notice.
Ports and harbors have also been alerted, and maritime traffic is being monitored closely. These advisories are particularly crucial for the safety of the fishing community and for preventing maritime accidents during the stormy period.
Historical Parallels and Preparedness
Kerala’s experience with monsoon-related disasters, including the devastating floods of 2018 and 2019, underscores the importance of proactive preparedness. The state government has taken lessons from the past and improved its disaster management infrastructure.
The Kerala State Disaster Management Authority (KSDMA) has activated district-level emergency operation centers. Flood monitoring systems are being tested, and dam shutters are being regulated in anticipation of high inflows.
Local self-government bodies have been instructed to clean drains, remove blockages, and prepare community shelters. Awareness campaigns through social media, SMS, and local radio are being used to keep the public informed.
Health and Hygiene Concerns
Prolonged rainfall often leads to secondary health crises. In anticipation, the Health Department has issued advisories to district hospitals to prepare for increased patient influx. Stocks of essential medicines, water purification tablets, and mosquito repellents have been increased.
Public health officials are also warning residents to boil drinking water and to avoid wading through floodwaters, which can cause skin infections and other waterborne diseases.
Government and Civic Response
The Kerala government has instructed all departments to be on high alert. The Revenue Department is coordinating relief efforts, while the Public Works Department is working to ensure roads remain passable.
The National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) has been deployed in vulnerable districts, equipped with inflatable boats, first aid, and rescue gear. The fire and rescue services are also on standby.
Schools and colleges in high-alert districts have been closed temporarily to prevent accidents and ensure student safety. Examinations have been rescheduled where necessary.
Public Advisory and Safety Measures
The IMD and KSDMA have issued comprehensive public advisories:
- Avoid unnecessary travel, especially to hilly areas and flood-prone zones.
- Stay indoors during thunderstorms and avoid using electrical appliances.
- Keep emergency kits ready, including torch lights, batteries, dry food, and essential medicines.
- Monitor official weather updates regularly and heed evacuation notices.
Long-Term Outlook and Climate Trends
Experts note that Kerala’s weather patterns have become more erratic in recent years, a trend attributed to global climate change. Increased frequency of extreme weather events like heavy rainfall, cyclones, and droughts points to a pressing need for sustainable urban planning and enhanced climate resilience.
The state government, in collaboration with central agencies, is exploring long-term strategies to mitigate the effects of such events. These include improved weather prediction models, investment in green infrastructure, and public awareness programs on climate adaptation.
Conclusion
As Kerala braces for the impact of severe rainfall, timely alerts from the IMD and a coordinated government response are crucial in minimizing damage and saving lives. The coming days will test the state’s disaster readiness and the resilience of its people. Vigilance, preparation, and community cooperation will be key to weathering the storm and emerging stronger from the challenges posed by nature.
